System 2 debate includes the reasoning or lack thereof for human decision making, with big implications for many areas including law and market research. Terms and concepts include coherence, attention, laziness, association, jumping to conclusions, WYSIATI (What you see is all there is), and how one forms judgments. Kahneman describes a number of experiments which purport to examine the differences between these two thought systems and how they arrive at different results even given the same inputs.

determine the validity of a complex logical reasoning.

determine the price/quality ratio of two washing machines.

count the number of A's in a certain text.

determine the appropriateness of a particular behavior in a social setting.

sustain a faster-than-normal walking rate.

direct your attention towards someone at a loud party.

direct your attention towards the clowns at the circus.

prepare yourself for the start of a sprint.

System 2: Slow, effortful, infrequent, logical, calculating, conscious.

associate the description 'quiet and structured person with an eye for details' with a specific job.

think of a good chess move (if you're a chess master).display disgust when seeing a gruesome image.

localize the source of a specific sound.determine that an object is at a greater distance than another.Examples (in order of complexity) of things system 1 can do: System 1: Fast, automatic, frequent, emotional, stereotypic, unconscious.In the book's first section, Kahneman describes two different ways the brain forms thoughts: The integrity of some priming studies cited in the book has been called into question in the midst of the psychological replication crisis. The book was a New York Times bestseller and was the 2012 winner of the National Academies Communication Award for best creative work that helps the public understanding of topics in behavioral science, engineering and medicine. It covers different phases of his career: his early work concerning cognitive biases, his work on prospect theory and happiness, and with the Israel Defense Forces. Kahneman performed his own research, often in collaboration with Amos Tversky, which enriched his experience to write the book. From framing choices to people's tendency to replace a difficult question with one which is easy to answer, the book summarizes several decades of research to suggest that people have too much confidence in human judgement. The book delineates rational and non-rational motivations or triggers associated with each type of thinking process, and how they complement each other, starting with Kahneman's own research on loss aversion. The book's main thesis is a differentiation between two modes of thought: 'System 1' is fast, instinctive and emotional 'System 2' is slower, more deliberative, and more logical. Thinking, Fast and Slow is a 2011 popular science book by psychologist Daniel Kahneman.

Kahneman thinking fast and slow